397 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
397 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# Koa2 RESTful API 服务器脚手架
|
||
|
||
这是一个基于Koa2的轻量级Resultful API Server脚手架,支持ES6。
|
||
|
||
约定使用JSON格式传输数据,POST、PUT、DELET方法支持的Content-Type为application/x-www-form-urlencoded和multipart/form-data、application/json,可配置支持跨域。非上传文件推荐application/x-www-form-urlencoded。通常情况下返回application/json格式的JSON数据。
|
||
|
||
可选用mongodb、redis非关系型数据库和PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQLite, MSSQL关系型数据库,考虑RESTful API Server的实际开发需要,这里通过sequelize.js作为ORM,同时提通过Promise执行SQL直接操作Mysql数据库的方法(不管什么方法,注意安全哦)。
|
||
|
||
此脚手架只安装了一些和Koa2不冲突的搭建RESTful API Server的必要插件,附带每一个插件的说明。采用ESlint进行语法检查。
|
||
|
||
因此脚手架主要提供RESTful API,故暂时不考虑前端静态资源处理。基本目录结构与vue-cli保持一致,可配合React、AngularJS、Vue.js等前端框架使用。在Cordova/PhoneGap中使用时需要开启跨域功能。
|
||
|
||
**免责声明:** 此脚手架仅为方便开发提供基础环境,任何人或组织均可随意克隆使用,使用引入的框架需遵循原作者规定的相关协议(框架列表及来源地址在下方)。采用此脚手架产生的任何后果请自行承担,本人不对此脚手架负任何法律责任,使用即代表同意此条。
|
||
|
||
目前暂未加入软件测试模块,下一个版本会加入该功能并提供集成方案。
|
||
|
||
China大陆用户请自行优化网络。
|
||
|
||
## 开发使用说明
|
||
```
|
||
$ git clone https://github.com/yi-ge/koa2-API-scaffold.git
|
||
|
||
$ cd mv koa2-API-scaffold
|
||
$ npm install
|
||
$ npm run dev #可执行npm start跳过ESlint检查。
|
||
```
|
||
访问: http://127.0.0.1:3000/
|
||
|
||
另外一种方式,如果你使用git仓库管理你的代码:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
$ git clone https://github.com/yi-ge/koa2-API-scaffold.git
|
||
|
||
$ mv koa2-API-scaffold `您的项目名称`
|
||
$ cd `您的项目名称`
|
||
$ rm -rf .git
|
||
$ git init
|
||
$ git remote add origin `您的git仓库地址`
|
||
$ npm install
|
||
$ npm run dev #可执行npm start跳过ESlint检查。
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 调试说明
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
$ npm start --debug
|
||
|
||
Or
|
||
|
||
$ npm start --debug
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
支持Node.js原生调试功能:https://nodejs.org/api/debugger.html
|
||
|
||
## 开发环境部署
|
||
|
||
生成node直接可以执行的代码到dist目录:
|
||
```
|
||
$ npm run build
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
$ npm run production # 生产模式运行
|
||
|
||
Or
|
||
|
||
$ node dist/app.js
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### PM2部署说明
|
||
提供了PM2部署RESTful API Server的示例配置,位于“pm2.js”文件中。
|
||
```
|
||
$ pm2 start pm2.js
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
PM2配合Docker部署说明:
|
||
http://pm2.keymetrics.io/docs/usage/docker-pm2-nodejs/
|
||
|
||
### Docker部署说明
|
||
```
|
||
$ docker pull node
|
||
$ docker run -itd --name RESTfulAPI -v "$PWD":/usr/src/app -w /usr/src/app node node ./dist/app.js
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
通过
|
||
```
|
||
$ docker ps
|
||
```
|
||
查看是否运行成功及运行状态
|
||
|
||
### Linux/Mac 直接后台运行生产环境代码
|
||
有时候为了简单,我们也这样做:
|
||
```
|
||
$ nohup node ./dist/app.js > logs/out.log &
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
查看运行状态(如果有"node app.js"出现则说明正在后台运行):
|
||
```
|
||
$ ps aux|grep app.js
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
查看运行日志
|
||
```
|
||
$ cat logs/out.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
监控运行状态
|
||
```
|
||
$ tail -f logs/out.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 配合Vue-cli部署说明
|
||
Vue-cli(Vue2)运行"npm run build"后会在"dist"目录中生成所有静态资源文件。推荐使用Nginx处理静态资源以达最佳利用效果,然后通过上述任意一种方法部署RESTful API服务器。前后端是完全分离的,请注意Koa2 RESTful API Server项目中config/main.json里面的跨域配置。
|
||
|
||
推荐的Nginx配置文件:
|
||
```
|
||
server
|
||
{
|
||
listen 80;
|
||
listen [::]:80;
|
||
server_name abc.com www.abc.com; #绑定域名
|
||
index index.html index.htm;
|
||
root /www/app/dist; #Vue-cli编译后的dist目录
|
||
|
||
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
|
||
{
|
||
expires 30d;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
|
||
{
|
||
expires 12h;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
location ~ /\.
|
||
{
|
||
deny all;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
access_log off; #访问日志路径
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
Docker中Nginx运行命令(将上述配置文件任意命名放置于nginx_config目录中即可):
|
||
```
|
||
$ docker run -itd -p 80:80 -p 443:443 -v `pwd`/nginx_config:/etc/nginx/conf.d nginx
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 引入插件介绍
|
||
|
||
> 引入插件的版本将会持续更新
|
||
|
||
引入的插件:
|
||
`` koa nodemon babel-cli babel-register babel-plugin-transform-runtime babel-preset-es2015 babel-preset-stage-2 gulp gulp-eslint eslint eslint-config-standard eslint-friendly-formatter eslint-plugin-html eslint-plugin-promise ``
|
||
|
||
"koa-bodyparser": "^3.2.0",
|
||
"koa-compose": "^3.1.0",
|
||
"koa-convert": "^1.2.0",
|
||
"koa-favicon": "^2.0.0",
|
||
"koa-json": "^1.1.3",
|
||
"koa-logger": "^1.3.0",
|
||
"koa-multer": "^1.0.0",
|
||
"koa-router": "^7.0.1",
|
||
"koa-session": "^3.3.1",
|
||
"koa-static2": "^0.1.8",
|
||
"koa-onerror": "^3.0.1",
|
||
|
||
**koa**: HTTP框架
|
||
Synopsis: HTTP framework.
|
||
From: https://github.com/koajs/koa
|
||
|
||
**babel-cli**: Babel编译ES6代码为ES5代码
|
||
Synopsis: Babel is a JavaScript compiler, ES6 to ES5.
|
||
From: https://github.com/babel/babel/tree/master/packages/babel-cli
|
||
|
||
**babel-register**: Babel开发环境实时编译ES6代码
|
||
Synopsis: Babel hook.
|
||
From: https://github.com/babel/babel/tree/master/packages/babel-cli
|
||
|
||
**babel-plugin-transform-runtime**: Babel配置ES6的依赖项
|
||
**babel-preset-es2015**: 同上
|
||
**babel-preset-stage-2**: 同上
|
||
|
||
**gulp**: 基于流的自动化构建工具
|
||
Synopsis: Gulp is a toolkit for automating painful or time-consuming tasks.
|
||
From: https://github.com/gulpjs/gulp
|
||
|
||
**gulp-eslint**: gulp的ESLint检查插件
|
||
Synopsis: A gulp plugin for ESLint.
|
||
From: https://github.com/adametry/gulp-eslint
|
||
|
||
**gulp-nodemon**: 修改JS代码后自动重启
|
||
Synopsis: nodemon will watch the files in the directory in which nodemon was started, and if any files change, nodemon will automatically restart your node application.
|
||
From: https://github.com/remy/nodemon
|
||
|
||
**eslint**: JavaScript语法检查工具
|
||
Synopsis: A fully pluggable tool for identifying and reporting on patterns in JavaScript.
|
||
From:
|
||
|
||
**eslint-config-standard**: 一个ESlint配置
|
||
Synopsis: ESLint Shareable Config for JavaScript Standard Style.
|
||
From: https://github.com/feross/eslint-config-standard
|
||
|
||
**eslint-friendly-formatter**: 使得ESlint提示在Sublime Text或iterm2中更友好,Atom也有对应的ESlint插件。
|
||
Synopsis: A simple formatter/reporter for ESLint that's friendly with Sublime Text and iterm2 "click to open file" functionality
|
||
From: https://github.com/royriojas/eslint-friendly-formatter
|
||
|
||
**eslint-plugin-html**: 检查HTML文件中的JS代码规范
|
||
Synopsis: An ESLint plugin to extract and lint scripts from HTML files.
|
||
From: https://github.com/BenoitZugmeyer/eslint-plugin-html
|
||
|
||
**eslint-plugin-promise**: 检查JavaScript promises
|
||
Synopsis: Enforce best practices for JavaScript promises.
|
||
From: https://github.com/xjamundx/eslint-plugin-promise
|
||
|
||
**eslint-plugin-promise**: ESlint依赖项
|
||
Synopsis: ESlint Rules for the Standard Linter.
|
||
From: https://github.com/xjamundx/eslint-plugin-standard
|
||
|
||
支持Koa2的中间件列表:https://github.com/koajs/koa/wiki
|
||
|
||
其它经常配合Koa2的插件:
|
||
**koa-nunjucks-2**:
|
||
一个好用的模版引擎,可用于前后端,nunjucks。https://github.com/mozilla/nunjucks
|
||
|
||
## 目录结构说明
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
.
|
||
├── README.md
|
||
├── .babelrc # Babel 配置文件
|
||
├── .editorconfig # 编辑器风格定义文件
|
||
├── .eslintignore # ESlint 忽略文件列表
|
||
├── .eslintrc.js # ESlint 配置文件
|
||
├── .gitignore # Git 忽略文件列表
|
||
├── gulpfile.js # Gulp配置文件
|
||
├── package.json # 描述文件
|
||
├── pm2.js # pm2 部署示例文件
|
||
├── build # build 入口目录
|
||
│ └── dev-server.js # 开发环境 Babel 实时编译入口
|
||
├── config
|
||
│ └── main.js # 主配置文件(*谨防泄密!)
|
||
├── src # 源代码目录,编译后目标源代码位于 dist 目录
|
||
│ ├── app.js # koa 配置
|
||
│ ├── config # 配置目录
|
||
│ ├── controllers # 控制器
|
||
│ ├── index.js # 入口文件
|
||
│ ├── models # 模型
|
||
│ ├── routes # 路由
|
||
│ └── services # service
|
||
└── logs # 日志目录
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 各类主流框架调用RESTful API的示例代码(仅供参考)
|
||
|
||
### AngularJS (Ionic同)
|
||
```
|
||
$http({
|
||
method: "post",
|
||
url: "http://localhost:3000/xxx",
|
||
data: {para1:"para1",para2:"para2"},
|
||
headers: {
|
||
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
|
||
}
|
||
}).success(function (data) {
|
||
}).error(function (data) {
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### jQuery
|
||
```
|
||
$.ajax({
|
||
cache: false,
|
||
type: 'POST',
|
||
url: "http://localhost:3000/xxx",
|
||
data: {
|
||
para1: para1
|
||
},
|
||
async: false,
|
||
dataType: "json",
|
||
success: function (result) {
|
||
},
|
||
error: function (err) {
|
||
console.log(err);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
// 上传文件
|
||
//创建FormData对象
|
||
var data = new FormData();
|
||
//为FormData对象添加数据
|
||
//
|
||
$.each($('#inputfile')[0].files, function (i, file) {
|
||
data.append('upload_file', file);
|
||
});
|
||
$.ajax({
|
||
url: 'http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/upload_oss_img_demo',
|
||
type: 'POST',
|
||
data: data,
|
||
cache: false,
|
||
contentType: false, //不可缺
|
||
processData: false, //不可缺
|
||
success: function (data) {
|
||
console.log(data);
|
||
if (data.result == "ok") {
|
||
$("#zzzz").attr("src", data.img_url);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### MUI
|
||
```
|
||
mui.ajax({ url: "http://localhost:3000/xxx", dataType: "json",
|
||
success: function(data){
|
||
|
||
},
|
||
error: function(data){
|
||
console.log("error!");
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### JavaScript
|
||
```
|
||
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
|
||
xhr.open("POST", "http://localhost:3000/xxx", true) //POST或GET,true(异步)或 false(同步)
|
||
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
|
||
xhr.withCredentials = true
|
||
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
|
||
if (obj.readyState == 4 && obj.status == 200 || obj.status == 304) {
|
||
var gotServices = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText)
|
||
}else{
|
||
console.log("ajax失败了")
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
xhr.send({para1: para1})
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### vue-resource
|
||
https://github.com/pagekit/vue-resource
|
||
```
|
||
// global Vue object
|
||
Vue.http.post('/someUrl', [body], {
|
||
headers: {"Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
|
||
}).then(successCallback, errorCallback);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### fetch
|
||
https://github.com/github/fetch
|
||
```
|
||
fetch('/users', {
|
||
method: 'POST',
|
||
headers: {
|
||
'Content-Type': 'application/json'
|
||
},
|
||
body: JSON.stringify({
|
||
name: 'Hubot',
|
||
login: 'hubot',
|
||
})
|
||
}).then(function(response) {
|
||
// response.text()
|
||
}).then(function(body) {
|
||
// body
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
// 文件上传
|
||
var input = document.querySelector('input[type="file"]')
|
||
|
||
var data = new FormData()
|
||
data.append('file', input.files[0])
|
||
data.append('user', 'hubot')
|
||
|
||
fetch('/avatars', {
|
||
method: 'POST',
|
||
body: data
|
||
})
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### superagent
|
||
https://github.com/visionmedia/superagent
|
||
```
|
||
request.post('/user')
|
||
.set('Content-Type', 'application/json')
|
||
.send('{"name":"tj","pet":"tobi"}')
|
||
.end(callback)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在React中可以将上述任意方法其置于componentDidMount()中,Vue.js同理。
|
||
|
||
## 彻底移除ESlint方法
|
||
删除package.json的devDependencies中所有eslint开头的插件,根目录下的“.eslintignore、.eslintrc.js”文件,并且修改package.json的dev为:
|
||
```
|
||
"dev": "gulp start"
|
||
```
|
||
删除gulpfile.js中的lint、eslint_start两个任务,并且把default改为“gulp.task('default', ['start']”。
|